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Find provides unique insight into the early history of the church, confirming previous architectural assumptions about its construction.
Objects discovered during the excavation include oil lamps decorated with the menorah (seven-branched lampstand) and the lulav (palm branch and symbol of the harvest festival).
"Every piece of this process has been revealing itself like an onion. It peels off, and another thing arrives," said the lead researcher.
Researchers believe the brooch came north with Roman soldiers, possibly as a ritual offering or battle trophy.
Statue dated to late 2nd century A.D., was found alongside objects associated with Aphrodite, Eros, Artemis, and Nemesis.
The inscribed spindle whorl, dating to the 1st century BC, features one of the oldest examples of writing in northern Iberia, using the Celtiberian alphabet.
Built by emperor Nero in 64 AD, the lighthouse has been restored using thousands of original stones.
Since 2005, the ground in the Campi Flegrei area has risen by 138 cm, with 20 cm recorded in 2024, showing an acceleration of the phenomenon, according to the National Institute of Geophysics.
A tile found in the excavation bears the inscription "Bazilike," meaning "belonging to the king" in ancient Greek.
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